Dr. Sanjay Garg is an eminent researcher with extensive research experience in history of South Asia, with specialization on economic and monetary history, currency and coinage, architecture and archival studies. His research findings have been widely published in print and multimedia which include twenty-nine books and sixty-four research papers. (For a complete list of publications, see Bibliography).

He obtained a doctorate in History, at the Centre for Historical Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi; Masters in History from the St. John's College, Agra University, Agra; and Diploma in Archival Studies at the National Archives of India, New Delhi. He is proficient in Hindi, English, Urdu, and Persian, and has basic knowledge of French.

Dr. Garg served the National Archives of India, New Delhi for 23 years (1988-2011) as the Assistant Archivist, Archivist, Assistant Director of Archives and Deputy Director of Archives, before joining the SAARC Cultural Centre, in Colombo (Sri Lanka) in March 2011 where he was incharge of the Research Division from 2011 to 2014.

In December 2014, Dr. Garg re-joined the National Archives of India and served till March 2018, in which period he pioneered the launch of an online search portal of the National Archives of India - Abhilekh-Patal - and year-long celebration to mark the 125th Anniversary of the National Archives of India (2015-16) amongst other responsibilities. He also served as Resource Coordinator of some of the prestigious exhibitions organised by the National Archives of India, including Mohan se Mahatma, (at Gandhi Smriti and Darshan Samiti, New Delhi, 2015); Declassified Files on Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, (at National Archives of India, 2016); Revolutionary Patriots, 1905-1947, (at National Archives of India, 2017); Quit India - Chalo Dilli : 75 years, (at National Archives of India, 2017); Swachhagraha: Bapu ko Karyanjali - 100 years of Champaran Satyagraha, (at National Archives of India, New Delhi and at Champaran, Bihar, 2017); 100 years of Sabarmati Ashram, (at Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad 2017); and India@70 The Jammu and Kashmir Saga, (at National Archives of India, 2018) - to name a few.

From March 2018 till March 2021 Dr. Garg worked as the Director of the Swami Vivekananda Cultural Centre, at Nur-Sultan (Astana), Kazakhastan.

In April 2021, Dr. Garg, rejoined his parent office, National Archives of India.

Since July 2021, Dr. Garg has been working as Officer on Special Duty in the Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav (AKAM) Secretariat under Ministry of Culture, Government of India and has rejoined the National Archives of India on 12 May 2022 as Deputy Director of Archives.