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There are certain institutionalised concepts in poetry, especially the poetry in Persian and Urdu. Hunter, hunted, nest, and garden are some of these that constitute a cluster. A hunter is a traditional metaphor but it has had its significance all through and the modern poets have used it to convey for political messages. Here is a selection of verses around the central idea of the hunter who looks for a prey in the garden.

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Hali's Critical Achievement: The Demolition of Traditional Poetry and the Defense of Ghalib

In the history of Urdu literary criticism, the central and revolutionary status enjoyed by Maulana Altaf Hussain Hali's book 'Muqaddama Sher-o-Shairi' is unmatched by any other work. When Hali began to condemn the obsolete repertoire of Urdu poetry, particularly ghazals and qasidas, and declared the recitation of ghazals an 'untimely melody,' he faced a massive challenge. He considered meaningless thematic contrivances, fabricated tales of love and union, and imaginary romances about cheeks and waists to be detrimental to the moral and social interests of the nation. However, striking a blow against all this traditional poetry meant that a significant portion of it, which comprised the poetry of his own mentor, Mirza Ghalib, would also fall under the crosshairs of this criticism. It was fortunate for both Urdu literature and Ghalib that Hali formulated his critical theories with such remarkable astuteness and awareness that they not only accommodated Ghalib but also provided a strong justification for his poetry. To consolidate his theories, Hali drew upon Western literature, particularly Milton's concepts of simplicity, passion, and authenticity. Interestingly, however, the poetic virtues described in 'Muqaddama Sher-o-Shairi' apply almost entirely to Ghalib. Hali's discussion on the relativity of simplicity, and the thoughts he deemed authentic in his definition of authenticity i.e., thoughts that genuinely exist in the poet's mind, do not fully apply to any Urdu poet other than Ghalib. It would not be an exaggeration to say that Hali's entire discourse on poetic virtues was written with Ghalib's poetry in mind. It raises a highly significant question: had Hali been a disciple of Momin, Zauq, or Nasikh instead of Ghalib, would his criticism have been just as revolutionary? Perhaps not. Hali demolished the edifice of Lucknow and Delhi poetry, which was built on absurd, frivolous, and superficial themes, paving the way for modern poetry. Yet, because his criticism inherently justified Ghalib, Ghalib's greatness suffered no diminution. On the contrary, as the prestige of traditional poetry declined, Ghalib's stature grew immensely. Hali's achievement was so comprehensive that even a poet like Yagana Changezi, who spent his life criticizing Ghalib, actually laid the foundation of the non-romantic ghazal by drawing inspiration from Ghalib's own rational reasoning and dignified style. Hali's criticism turned Ghalib into a metaphor without which the very concept of modern Urdu poetry would be impossible.

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DICTIONARY MATCHES

REKHTA DICTIONARY

control

control control

پابندی لگانا

self-control

self-control self-control

خود پہ قابو ؛ضبط نفس۔.

control karnaa

कंट्रोल करना کَنْٹْرول کَرنا

قابو میں رکھنا ، روک تھام کرنا ، پابندی لگانا ، قبضہ میں رکھنا ، ہاتھ میں رکھنا ، اختیار میں رکھنا.

control uThnaa

कंट्रोल उठना کَنْٹْرول اُٹْھنا

پابندی ختم ہو جانا بندش کا خاتمہ ہونا .

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BOOKS MATCHES FOR "control"

Modern Birth Control

Hakeem KHan

Buri Aadaton Par Control

Syed Qudratullah

Medicine

Birth Control

Vishnu Das

Birth Control Apne Ibratnak Anjam Ke Tanazur Men

Umar Hayat Khan Ghauri

Birth Control

Rabindranath Tagore

Tahaffuzi Aur Samaji Tib

Hakeem Abdul Mubeen Khan

Kulliyaat Umoor-e-Tabeeyah

Hakim Taskhir Ahmad

MORE MATCHES FOR "control"

Allusions

Jamshid is a mythological character in Iranian folklore. He is supposed to be the greatest ruler in the history of Iran who ushered the first Golden Age in the country. He is said to be the emperor of the world with a complete control over all the demons and angels....

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

It so happened that suddenly, he was overpowered by a sudden attack of severe headache. He faltered and fell down from the tree. This was the ultimate moment of Savitri’s test. She took complete control over herself, put Satyavan’s head in her lap and gave a gentle massage....

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

However, a series of battles followed too. Finally, Mohammad gathered enough strength to prevail upon his foes. Thereafter, he set out for Mecca along with his followers to take control over the city and proclaim the faith he ardently propagated....

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

Suleiman, also known as Solomon in the Biblical narrative, was the great grandson of Yaqub (Jacob) and son of Dawood (David). He had inherited the throne after the death of his father and became the third King of Israel. He was a messenger of God and was also endowed with...

Anisur Rahman

Short story

‘‘ You indeed are an oasis of consciousness when it comes to self-control ‘‘(آپ یقیناً خودآگہی کا ایک نخلستان ہیں جب خوداختیاری کا معاملہ ہو تو) فرحان نے اسے جتلایا۔ آئی ایم ریڈی بےبی محاسن نے اسے اجازت دی...

Iqbal Diwan

Nazm

control

kuchh soch kar udaas na ho control hai
ab shab ko der tak na pa.Dho control hai

Shaukat Pardesi

Allusions

With enough treasures in hand and many magical powers at his command, he would be able to stop the sun, materialse rainfall, control vegetation, and bring the dead ones back to life and, so on. By exercising these powers, he would be able to mislead people into believing that he...

Anisur Rahman

Mazahiya

control us ke lab-e-shiirii.n pe gar yuu.n hii rahaa
khaand kaa sharbat nasiib-e-dushmanaa.n ho jaa.egaa

Hussain meer Kashmiri

Short story

جب بچوں نے اپنی تعلیم مکمل کر لی، سائنسی علوم کے ماہر ہو گئے تو میاں بیوی نے اپنے مخصوص لباس اور سسٹم کے ذریعے سائنس روم سے نکل کر مریخ کی سیر کا پروگرام بنایا۔ Control System پر بٹھا کر انہیں ہر بات اور آپریشن سسٹم سمجھا دیا گیا۔...

Mohammad Hamid Siraj

Nazm

tezab, aakar KHushbu ka

aur KHud ek control-room me.n baiTh kar
un kii harkaat kaa ta.ayyun kartaa hai

Farooq Nazki

Nazm

panacea

ab ke vetan kam aa.egaa
KHarcho.n par control nahii.n hai

Vikram

Article

بلکہ کبھی کبھی ادب Social Control کا اہم جز بن جاتا ہے۔ ہم یہ کہہ سکتے ہیں کہ ادب، سماج اور فرد تینوں کا ایک دوسرے سے اہم رشتہ ہے۔ بلکہ تینوں ایک دوسرے کے لیے جز لاینفک کی حیثیت رکھتے ہیں۔...

Kausar Mazhari

Allusions

Zahhak appears as an evil figure in Persian mythology. When he was young, he was easily wronged by one of his companions called Ahraman which led him to kill his own father and take control over his kingdom. Later, Ahraman entered his kingdom as a cook and served the most...

Anisur Rahman

Nazm

intibah

aap ko to apnii jaan aziiz hai
raftaar par control kaa ravayya

Shamim Alvi

Article

Thus, while rhyme holds a central importance in the art of the ghazal—second only to meter—forcing every available rhyme into a poem violates the aesthetic etiquette of the genre....

Aale Ahmad Suroor

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MOST RELEVANT MATCHES FOR "control"

Nazm

biwiyan

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main jina chahta hun magar

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Ghazal

Hussain meer Kashmiri

PAGE MATCHES FOR "control"

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Hali's Critical Achievement: The Demolition of Traditional Poetry and the Defense of Ghalib

DICTIONARY MATCHES

REKHTA DICTIONARY

control

self-control

control karnaa

control uThnaa

BOOKS MATCHES FOR "control"

MORE MATCHES FOR "control"

Allusions

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

Anisur Rahman

Allusions

Anisur Rahman

Short story

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control

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Mohammad Hamid Siraj

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tezab, aakar KHushbu ka

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panacea

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Rekhta Foundation

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